P  R 

5332 

C76 

1903 

MAIN 

SfR   WALTER  SCOTT. 


Zbc   Berber   leMtion 


WAVERLEY   NOVELS 

EDITED   WITH 

INTRODUCTORY  ESSAYS  AND  NOTES 


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SIR  WALTER  SCOTT 


rROM  A   PAINTING   BY 
JOHN  GRAHAM  GILBKRT. 


Sir  Walter  Scott 


BY 

W.    S.    CROCKETT 

AND 

JAMES    L.    CAW 


WITH      NUMEROUS     ILLUSTRATIONS 


LONDON 
HODDER    AND    STOUGHTON 

27,    PATERNOSTER   ROW 
1903 


PRINTED   BY 

HAZELL,   WATSON   AND  VINEY,    LD. 

LONDON   AND   AYLESBURY 


LIST    OF    ILLUSTRATIONS 


PAGE 


Sir   Walter   Scott       .....  ...        Frontispiece 

A   MiNiAiTjRE    OF   Sir   Walter   Scott  . 1 

Sir   Walter   Scott's   Great-Grandfather,    "  Beardie  "        .         .         .         .2 

Sir    Walter    Scott's   Mother       .  .  .  .  .  .  .         .3 

College    Wynd,    Edinburgh   (Birthplace  of  Sir  Walter  Scott)      .         .         .4 
A    Portrait   of    Sir   Walter   Scoit   (by   James    Saxon,    1805)    ...       5 
Sir    Walter   Scotia's   Father        .         .  .  .         .  .         .         .         .       6 

A   Portrait   of   Lady   Scott  (Charlotte   Margaret   Carpenter)        .         .       7 

No.    25,   George   Square,   Edinburgh  . 8 

Sandyknowe   Tower      .         .         .         .         .         .         .         .         .         .         .9 

The    Grammar   School,    Kei^o      .  .  .  .  .  .         .         .  .10 

Waverley   Lodge,   Kelso     .         .         .         .         .         .         .         .         .         .10 

EuLL-LENGTH  PORTRAIT  OF  SiR  Walter  Sco'iT  (by  Sir  Henry  Raebum,  1808)     11 
Lasswade   Cottage        ...........     12 

Old    Sheriff    Court   House,   Selkirk  .  .  .  .  .  .         .         .13 

No.    39,    Castle    Street,   Edinburgh 13 

AsHESTiEL  (from  a  drawing  by  J.  M.  W.  Turner,  R.A.)  .  .  .14 
A  Portrait  of  Sir  Walter  Scott  (by  Joseph  Slater)  .  .  .  .15 
Sir  Walter  Scorr  (by  John  Graham  Gilbert,  1829)  .  .  .  .  16 
Sir   Walter   Scorr   (by    Sir  J.    Watson    Gordon,    R.A.)      .         .         .  .16 

Abbotsford   and   the   Eiij)on   Hills     ,         .         .         .         .         .         .         .17 

Loch   Katrine 18 

Melrose    Abbey 18 


IV 


LIST   OF   ILLUSTRATIONS. 


The   Chantrey    Bist   of   Sir   Walter   Scoit,   1820 
SiE   Walter   Scorr   (by   Sir   Thomas   Lawrence) 

Rhymer'*s   Glen 

Finding  the   MS.    of   "Waverley'"     . 

Sir   Walter   Scorr   (by   Sir   David   Wilkie,   R.A.) 

Sir   Walter   Scott   (by  Andrew  Geddes,  A.R.A.,  1818) 

Sir   Walter   Scorr   (from   a   painting   by   C.    R.    Leslie,   R.A.,    1824) 

Sir   Walter   Scorr   (from    a   painting   by    G.    S.    Newton,    R.A.) 

Sir   Walter   Scorr   (painted   for    Mr.   Murray   by    Thomas    Phillips,   R.A. 


19 
20 
20 
21 
22 
2S 
24 
24 

25 


1818)  

John  Gibson  Lockhart,  Son-in-law  and  Biographer  of  Sir  Walter  Scorr  25 

Chi  EPS  WOOD   CorrAGE     ...........  26 

A   Portrait   of   Mrs.    J.    G.    Lockhart        .......  27 

"The   ABBo-rsFORD   Family '^   (by   Sir   David   Wilkie,   R.A.)         ...  28 

A    Portrait   of   Scorr   (by   Knight,    1826) 29 

AbBOTSFORI)     from     the     SOITH-WEST           ........  30 

The   Entrance   Hall   at   Abbotsford .'30 

Sir    Walter    Scorr    and    his     Friends     (from     a    painting     by     Thomas 

Faed,   R.A.) !         .         .  31 

The   Old   Tolbooth   Door   at   Abbotsford  .         .         .         .         .         .         .32 

Sir   Walter   Scorr   (by   Sir   William    Allan,   R.A.,    1832)  .         .         .         .32 

The   Library   at   Abbotsford       .........  33 

The   Study   at   Abbotsford 33 

Sir     Walter     Scoit    in    his    Study    (from    a    painting    by    Sir    William 

Allan,  R.A.) 34 

Sir   Walter   Scorr   (by   Sir   John    Watson    Gordon,   R.A.,    1830)       .         .  35 

Sir  Walter   S<:orr\s   Tomb   in   Dryburgh   Abbey 36 

Dryburgh   Abbey 36 

A   Portrait   of  Sir   Walter   Scorr   (by  Sir  Edwin   I^ndseer,  R.A.,  1834)  37 

The    Scorr    Monumext    at    Edinbitr(;h,   with    a   view    of   the   Castle   in 


the   Backgrouxd 


38 


SIR     WALTER     SCOTT 


SOME    OF    HIS    HOMES    AND    HAUNTS, 


M 


ELROSE  Railway  Station  in  "the 
season "  is  proof  enough  that  Scott 
and  his  Country  are  not  forgotten.  Each 
summer  sees  an  ever-increasing  influx  of  visitors 
from  all  quarters  to  the  "  land  of  the  mountain 
and  the  flood."  And  so  far  as  the  foreign 
element  is  concerned,  the  palm  for  popularity 
must  be  given  to  the  shrines  of  Sir  Walter. 
In  the  States  and  Canada  Scott  is  said  to  be 
even  better  known  than  he  is  in  Scotland. 
The  story  of  his  homes  and  haunts  prints 
itself  more  deeply,  perhaps,  on  the  heart  and 
imagination  of  the  average  American  than 
That  is  scarcely  as  it  should  be ;  still,  one 
No  one  disputes  Scott's  kingship  among  the 
English-speaking  races,  and,  doubtless,  the  old  "  nearer-to-kirk " 
adage  applies  with  tolerable  truth  to  those  who  live  within  easy 
reach,  or,  indeed,  within  the  romantic  circle  itself  of  the  Scott 
Country.  But  there  is  a  reviving  interest  in  Scott  in  his  own 
localities  and  amongst  his  own  countrymen.  The  modern  Scottish 
School  has  not  outstripped  the  old — is  far  from  outstripping  it. 
Stevenson  may  be  reckoned  a  good  second  to  Scott,  but  per  longo 
intcrvallo.  And  of  other  representatives  (a  company  by  no  means  to  be 
despised)  what  is  the  verdict,  however  ?  That  they  have  but  increased 
our  hunger,  forcing  us  back  to  the  great  Master,  always  Romancist- 
in-Chief.  One  is  glad,  too,  to  find  a  growing  tide  in  favour  of 
Scott  as  a  school  classic.  Thanks  to  the  excellent  editions  recently 
produced   for  this  purpose,  there  is  no   reason   why  every  Scottish 


A   MINIATURE   OF 

SIR    WALTER    SCOTT 

In  the  Scottish  National  Portrait 

Gallery 

the    average    Scot, 
is    not    surprised. 


SIR  WALTER  SCOTT 


SIR 
WALTER 
SCOTT'S 
GREAT- 
GRANDFATHER, 
"BEARDIE  " 

(Reproduced  from 

Lockhart's  "Life  of  Scott, 

by  kind  permission  of 

Messrs.  A.  &  C.  Black) 


schoolboy  and  girl  should  not  succumb  to  the  pure  and  wholesome 
sway  of  Sir  Walter  Scott.  With  profit,  also,  might  the  schools 
devote  some  part  of  their  annual  holiday  to  his  Country,  and  study 
on  the  spot  that  strong  local  environment  which,  in  large  measure, 
made  him  the  man  he  was,  and  the  force  in  British  Literature  he 
must  still  hold,  notwithstanding  the  enormous  fictional  output  of 
the  period. 

It  will  be  seventy-one  years  this  autumn  (1903)  since  Scott 
passed  "  from  sunshine  to  the  sunless  land."  But  the  sunny  influence 
of  his  life  has  not  passed.  It  has  rather  increased  year  by  year. 
When  the  pen  dropped  from  his  palsied  fingers  that  pathetic  day 
in   1832,    Scott's   work   was   only  just   beginning.     The   nineteenth 


SIR   WALTER   SCOTT 


3 


SIR 
WALTER 
SCOTT'S 
MOTHER 

(Reproduced  from 

Lockhart's  "  Life  of  Scott," 

by  kind  permission  of 

Messrs.  A.  &  C.  Black) 


century  saw  the  world  at  his  feet  in  the  most  loving  admiration. 
One  is  safe  in  saying  that  with  "  INIarmion,"  and  the  "  Lay  "  ;  "  Guy 
JVIannering,"  and  "  Old  JNIortality  "  ;  "  The  Bride  of  Lammermoor," 
and  "  Ivanhoe,"  more  really  pleasant  hours  have  been  spent  than 
over  any  other  series  of  romances  in  the  home-tongue  (or  any  tongue 
whatever),  however  happily  conceived.  A  constant  demand  for  the 
numerous  new  editions,  and  an  abiding  interest  in  all  that  pertains 
to  Scott  and  the  Scott  Land,  assure  us  that  it  will  be  long  before 
the  name  of  "  Waverley  "  passes  from  the  speech  and  page  of  the 
multitude,  or  the  places  associated  with  the  JNIagician  fail  to  stir  the 
sympathy  and  inspire  the  devotion  of  the  whole  English-speaking 
world : 


SIR   WALTER   SCOTT 


Scott     shall     ne'er    oblivion 

know ; 
While  old  Scotland  lasts,  his 

name, 
Fitly  framed  for  mutual  fame, 
Shall  with  hers  still  co-exist, 
First  in  Honour's  lofty  list  : 
Till  his  land  and  race  are  not, 
Glory  be  to  Walter  Scott ! 

The  Border  Country, 
in  its  general  character- 
istics,  has    altered   little 
since    Scott's   day.       In 
some  other  respects  there 
has  been  a  saddening  and 
woeful  change.     Still  do 
the  "glittering  and  reso- 
lute streams  of  Tweed  " 
— to  use  the  Cromwel- 
lian's  phrase — keep  their 
old  graceful  way  by  the 
boskiest    of    banks    and 
greenest    of     meadows. 
The  hills  which  Wash- 
ington Irving  declared  to 
be  "  monotonous  in  their 
aspect,  and  so  destitute 
of  trees  that  one    could 
almost    see   a   stout    fly 
walking  along  their  pro- 
file," have  undergone,  in 
many  instances,  a  magnificent  metamorphosis.     The  rare  woodland  of 
Abbotsford  is  itself  a  sample  of  how  many  another  landscape,  once 
arid  and  ugly,  lias  been  transformed  to  "  a  thing  of  beauty  and  a 
joy  for  ever."     Thirlestane,  in  the  heart  of  Ettrickdale ;  Dawyck,  by 
Drummelzier  on  the  U  weed  ;   the  "  noble  Neidpath,"  despoiled  by 
Wordsworth's    "Degenerate   Douglas";    Cowdenknowes,   that   true 


I        COLLECE-WYND-EDINBVRCH 

L •BIRTHPLACE'QF-Sm>WALTE R-  S C OTT  •/ 


(Reproduced  from  an  etching  l,y  I).  Y.  Caincruii  in  Oeui-e  G.  Napier's 
"  The  Homes  and  Haunts  of  Sir  Walter  Scott,  Bart.,"  bylind  permission 
of  the  author  and  of  Messrs.  James  Maclehose  &  Sons) 


SIR   WALTER   SCOTT 


home  of  beauty  and  song,  with  other  dehghtful  domains,  all  well 
known  to  Scott  but  covertless  enough  in  his  day,  are  now  fully 
mantled  in  the  glory  of  elm  and  oak,  fir  and  beech,  and  rowan, 
intermingled  with  copses  of  hazel  and  laburnum,  wild-rose  and 
broom.  Not,  of  course,  that  the  country  was  a  broad,  bald  stretch 
when  the  Wizard  was  casting  his  spell  over  it.  Tweed  was  a  "  fair 
river"  then  also.  And  the  beauty-spots  of  Scott's  time  abide  the 
beauty-spots  still.  But  the  by-past  century  on  the  Border  was 
emphatically  a  century  of  arboriculture,  a  revivifying  of  the  time 
when  the  colloquial  name  for  the  region  between  the  Ettrick  and 
Tweed  valleys  was  "  the  Forest,"  classic  in  history,  and  immortal 
in  the  sweet  settings  of  Border  minstrelsy.  With  Abbotsford,  too, 
the  neighbouring 
mansions,  many  of 
them,  passed  from 
their  priinitive  shoot- 
ing-box condition 
into  superb  palatial 
residences.  Railways 
have  long  interlaced 
the  wide  Border,  and 
the  most^  inaccessible 
hill  hamlets  of  Scott's 
day  are  linked  by  the 
telegraph-line  to  all 
ends  of  the  earth. 
But  the  vexing,  al- 
most heartre  n  d  i  n  g , 
feature  of  present- 
day  Border  life  is  the 
tremendous  depopu- 
lation of  the  outlying 
districts.  The  Border 
land     question     (the 

subject  is  hardly  con-     

lined  to  the  Border)       a  portrait  of  sir  walter  scott,  by  james  saxon,  iSos 


SIR   WALTER   SCOTT 


SIR 
WALTER 
SCOTT'S 
FATHER 

(Reproduced  from 

Lockhart's  "  Life  of  Scott,' 

by  kind  permission  of 

Messrs.  A.  &  C.  Black) 


is  surely  ripe  for  discussion.  When  is  Government  going  to  deal 
with  it  ?  And  the  settlement  of  the  baneful  '*  led-farm  "  system, 
that  most  aggravating  curse  of  the  Border  parishes,  unknown  in  any 
great  degree  to  Scott,  should  be  insisted  upon  from  landlord  and 
tenant  alike.  How  deserted  the  glens  of  Ettrick  and  Yarrow, 
and  Tweed  and  Teviot,  since  Scott  was  their  most  familiar  figure  ! 
More  than  one-half  of  their  peaceful,  plodding  populations  have 
gone  to  swell  the  big  local  manufacturing  centres,  as  Hawick 
and  (ralashiels,  and  the  already  overcrowded  and  over-garreted 
cities  like  Glasgow  and  Edinburgh.  The  spirit  of  Border  rusticity, 
as    Scott   gloried   to    live   amongst   it,    has   been    rudely   disturbed. 


SIR  WALTER   SCOTT 


1 

A  PORTRAIT 

OF 
LADY    SCOTT 
(CHARLOTTE 

MARGARET 
CARPENTER) 
I 

(Reproduced  from 

Lockhart's  "  Life  of  Scott," 

by  kind  permission  of 

Messrs.  A.  &  C.  Black) 

^^^H^^'^^T*'  ^^H^^H^^^^I 

1 

1 

and    a    remedy     might     well     be     found     against    this     continued 
decrease. 

Ill  fares  the  land,  to  hastening  ills  a  prey, 
Where  wealth  accumulates  and  men  decay. 

When  Walter  Scott  touched  for  the  first  time  the  land  he  was 
most  of  all  to  adorn,  and  which  was  to  be  identified  with  his  name 
through  the  centuries,  he  was  a  child  of  barely  three  years — dull,  lame, 
and  thought  to  be  dying.  It  was  to  Sandyknowe,  his  grandfather's 
farm  at  Smailholm,  in  Roxburghshire,  he  was  sent  to  retrieve,  if 
possible,  his  little  life  trembling  in  the  balance.     Here  he  hved,  for 


SIR  WAI/PER   SCOTT 


the  most  part,  until  his  eighth  year, 
recovered  his  health,  grew  into  a 
fine  fair-haired  boy,  and,  above  all, 
caught,   as  no  other  did,  the  true 
spirit  of  the  scenes  amidst  which 
he  lived  and  moved.     Had  he  re- 
mained  in    Edinburgh    he    would 
almost  certainly  have  succumbed. 
It    was    the     happy    thought    of 
Smailholm  that  saved  him  to  his 
family  and  the  world.     But  it  did 
more.     It  gave  the  keynote  to  his 
future.     It    made   a   man   of  him 
in   the    best  sense  of  the   phrase. 
What   the   boy   felt   in   that   first 
consciousness  at   Smailholm  never 
left  him  all  through  life.     It  was 
there  that  destiny  began  to  work 
itself    out.       From   the    "  honour- 
able  humility "  of  Robert  Scott's 
"  thatched    mansion  "    he    reached 
the    topmost    rung   of    the    Scottish    literary   ladder,    and    he    still 
stands,    at   the    beginning   of   the   new    century,    among   Scotsmen 
"first  in  Honour's  lofty  list."     The  farmhouse  of  Sandyknowe  has 
long   given   place  to  a  more  commodious  dwelling.     A  small   part 
of  the  original   wall   is  said  to  be   recognisable   in  the   stable    and 
cartshed    of  the   modern   steading.       The   true   shrine,    however,    is 
not    the    farmhouse,    but    the    grey    old    fortlet    of    Sandyknowe, 
strongly  posted  on  its  beethng  crag,  about  a  bowshot  beyond.     It 
is  one  of  the  best-preserved  feudal  relics  in   the  south  of  Scotland, 
but,  lying  slightly  off  the  beaten  track,  is  unknown  to  a  large  circle 
of  Scott  students.     The  lines  descriptive  of  it  in  the  Introduction 
to  Canto  III.  of  "  Marmion"  are  among  the  finest  of  Scott's  word- 
pictures  : 

It  was  a  barren  scene,  and  wild, 
Where  naked  cliffs  were  rudely  piled, 


From  a  photo  by  John  Patrick,  Edinburgh 

NO.  25,  GEORGE  SQUARE,  EDINBURGH 

The   residence   of  Sir   Walter   Scott's    parents    shortly 
after  his  birth  in  1771 


SIR   WALTER   SCOTT 


But  ever  and  anon  between 
Lay  velvet  tufts  of  loveliest  green  ; 
And  well  the  lonely  infant  knew 
Recesses  where  the  wall-flower  grew, 
And  honeysuckle  loved  to  crawl 
Up  the  low  crag  and  ruinVl  wall. 
I  deeni'd  such  nooks  the  sweetest  shade 
The  sun  in  all  its  round  surveyed  ; 
And  still  I  thought  that  shattered  tower 
The  mightiest  work  of  human  power ; 
And  marveird  as  the  aged  hind 
With  some  strange  tale  bewitched  my  mind, 
Of  forayers,  who,  with  headlong  force, 
Down  from  that  strength 
had  spurred  their  horse. 
Their  southern    rapine   to 

renew. 
Far  in  the  distant  Cheviots 

blue. 
And,  home  returning,  filPd 

the  hall 
With     revel,    wassel-rout, 
and  brawl. 


The  whole  building  is 
suggestive  of  immense 
strength.  The  assaults 
of  armed  hosts  and 
Time's  corroding 
touches  have  left  little 
difference  upon  it. 
Was  ever  scene  so 
grand  and  fair  !  That 
must  be  the  reflection 
of  all  who  have  gazed 
from  the  summit  of 
Sandyknowe  on  the 
majestic  panorama 
spreading  far  and  wide 


From  a  drazving  by  J.  M.   W.    Turner,  R.A. 

SANDYKNOWE  TOWER 

(Reproduced  from  Lockhart's  "  Life  of  Scott,"  by  kind  permission  ot 
Messrs.  A.  &  C.  Black) 


10 


SIR   WALTER   SCOTT 


THE  GRAMMAR  SCHOOL,    KELSO 

(Reproduced  from  W.  S.  Crockett's  "  The  Scott  Country,"  by  kind 
permission  of  Messrs.  A.  &  C.  Black) 


around  it.  Scott 
knew  it  well,  and 
brought  many  of 
his  friends  in  later 
years  to  get  into 
raptures  over  it. 
His  last  visit  was 
with  Turner  in  the 
autumn  of  1831, 
when  the  great 
artist  sketched  the 
place  for  a  new 
edition  of  the 
Poems.  As  an 
amphitheatre  of 
the  most  perfect 
beauty,  crowded  with  a  thousand  memories  of  the  heroic  and  the 
romantic,  the  view  from  Sandyknowe  should  satisfy  all  lovers  of  the 
land  of  Scott.  Close  at  hand  are  Mertoun's  Halls  — "  fair  e'en  now  " 
— the   seat   of  Sandyknowe's  laird,  son  of  the  reivers,  but  bearing, 

too,  in  his  veins 
the  softer  blood  of 
Yarrow's  gentle 
'' Flower."  A 
short  distance 
to  the  west  the 
Brethren  Stanes 
shrine  their  tearful 
tragedy,  whilst 
legends  of  the 
youthful  Cuthbert, 
greatest  of  Border 
Saints,  still  linger 

WAVERLEY  LODGE.  KELSO  by     thc     haUUtS     of 

The    residence    of    Miss    Janet    Scott  llis        bovllOOd 

(Reproduced  from  W.  S.  Crockett's  "  The  Scott  Country,"  by  kind  t^        ■  i 

permission  of  Messrs.  A.  &  C.  Black)  ^  UrtnCr        OVCr         IS 


» 

« 

. 

'■" 

t 

mm     '.JB 

k 

hk|o 

^ 

jyj 

i 

v^^^^k^^^^^^^^ 

m^m 

^C 

8 

Sm   WALTER   SCOTT 


11 


FULL    LENGTH 

PORTRAIT 

OF 

SIR  WALTER   SCOTT, 

BY 

SIR    HENRY  RAEBURN, 


(Reproduced  from 

Lockhart's  "Life  of  Scott," 

by  kind  permission  of 

Messrs  A.  &  C.  Black) 


Bemersyde  of  the  perennial  Haigs,  eternally  fortified  by  the 
Rhymer's  couplet — 

Tyde  \\'hat  may  betyde, 

Haig  shall  be  Haig  of  Bemersyde  ; 

and  away  yonder  are  Dryburgh,  its  white  monks  long  laid  to  rest,  and 
its  bells  long  done  ringing ;  the  Wizard-cleft  Eildons  ;  INIelrose,  "  like 
some  tall  rock  with  lichens  grey  " ;  the  storied  vale  of  the  Gala ;  the 
Ettrick  and  Yarrow  landmarks  ;  and  in  the  distance  the  grassy  peaks 
of  Peeblesshire.  On  the  south  are  the  D union  and  Ruberslaw, 
Penielheugh  and  Lilliard's  Edge,  Carter  Fell,  and  the  long  wavy 
outline  of.  the   Cheviots.     To   the   north    "  the  grim  Black  Hill  of 


12 


SIR   AV ALTER   SCOTT 


Co wd  en- 
know  e  s  " 
(red  enough 
from  this 
aspect,  how- 
ever) senti- 
n  e  Is  the 
Rhymer's 
Ercildoune 
and  the 
sweet  pas- 
toral haughs 
of  the  Lead- 
er. On  the 
east  rise  the 
crags  of 
Hume,  with 
its  disman- 
tled Castle, 

"stern  guardian  of  the  Merse,"  the  Dirringtons,  Covenant-haunted 
Duns  Law,  and  the  open-spreading,  cultivated,  and  fertile  valley  of 
the  Tweed.  "  Such,"  says  Lockhart,  "  were  the  objects  that  had 
painted  the  earliest  images  on  the  eye  of  the  last  and  greatest  of 
the  Border  Minstrels." 

More  mighty  spots  may  rise,  more  glaring  shine, 

But  none  unite  in  one  attaching  maze, 

The  briUiant,  fair,  and  soft,  the  glories  of  old  days. 

Here,  at  Sandyknowe  Tower,  is  the  scene  of  Scott's  first  ballad, 
"  The  Eve  of  St.  John,"  written,  it  was  said,  to  avert  its  demolition. 
But  that  can  scarcely  be,  remembering  the  exceeding  strength  of  the 
structure,  and  the  utter  needlessness  of  what  would  have  been  an 
unpardonable  vandalism.  It  has  been  suggested  that  Sandyknowe 
might  be  purchased  and  put  in  a  better  state  of  repair  by  some  such 
body  as  the  Edinburgh  Border  Counties  Association,  which  has 
already  done  admirable  work  in  that  direction,  having  annexed  the 


i.ASSWADE  COTTAGE 

Scott's  country  home  during  the  early  years  of  his  married  h'fe 

(Reproduced  from  George  G.  Napier's  "  The  Homes  and  Haunts  of  Sir  Walter  Scott,  Bart, 
by  kind  permission  of  the  author  and  of  Messrs.  James  Maclehose  &  Sons) 


SIR   WALTER   SCOTT 


13 


Tower  of  True  Thomas 
at  Earlston  and  John 
Leyden's     Cottage    at 
Denholm,  and  contem- 
plating     other      com- 
mendable schemes.   At 
any   rate,    the    visitor 
to     Sandyknowe     will 
not    depart    disap- 
pointed.      In  its  bold 
and  rugged  surround- 
ings   he  may  discover 
a   wonderfully  correct 
index    to     the     deter- 
mination    and     keen- 
spiritedness  of  the  boy 
who  gambolled  by  its 
base,  and   as   a  youth 
climbed  to  its  highest 
bartizan,     and — last 
scene     of    all — as    a 
white-haired    paralytic 
wept    over    the    long- 
dead  days  as  they  came 
back     to     him     here, 
fancying  himself  once 
more   on   the   broomy 
knowes   of  Smailholm 
in    the    midst   of    the 
thunderstorm      and 
lightning  flashes,  clap- 
ping    his     hands    and 
crying   in   his  ecstasy, 
"  Bonnie  !      bonnie  ! 
dae't  again,    dae't 
again ! " 


OLD  SHERIFF 

COURT  HOUSE, 

SELKIRK 

Where  Sir  Walter 

Scott  sat  when 

Sheriff  of 

Selkirkshire 

Fro}n   a  photo  by 

R.  Clapperton, 

Selkirk 


NO.   39,   CASTLE 

STREET, 

EDINBURGH 

Sir  Walter  Scott's 

town  residence 

from  1798,  shortly 

after  his 

marriage,  until 

1826 

From  a  photo 

by  John    Patrick, 

Edinburgh 


'  wsmmamtm 

■1    If 

|H. 

^^^^H    '  '                 ^ 

r^H 

"  ^  ^H 

^  ^^^Ih 

#**^I^B 

y 

1 

^Hbb 

14 


SIR  WALTER   SCOTT 


ASHESTIEL 

Frovi  a  drawiftg- 
by  J.  M.  IV.   Turner,  R.A. 

Scott  removed  from  Lasswade 

to  Ashestiel  in  1804, 

and  here  wrote  "The  Lay 

of  the  Last  Minstrel," 

•'  Marmion,"  and 

"The  Lady  of  the  Lake" 

(Reproduced  from 

Lockhart's   "  Life   of  Scott," 

by  kind 

permission  of 

Messrs.  A.  &  C.  Black) 


Kelso,  where  some  of  Scott's  happy  boyhood  years  were  spent ^ 
is  only  six  miles  distant.  He  was  a  pupil  in  the  old  Grammar 
School,  long  demolished,  close  to  Edie  Ochiltree's  prison — a  vault 
in  the  Abbey — which  the  blue-gown  declared  "  wasna  sae  dooms  bad 
a  place  as  it  was  ca'd."  Many  of  the  houses  where  Scott  was  a 
frequent  guest  have  disappeared,  or,  like  Waverley  Lodge,  as  his 
Kelso  home  is  now  called,  have  changed  beyond  recognition.  At 
Kelso,  Scott's  Ballantyne  comradeship  began.  Here  he  printed  his 
first  ballad-collection — a  mere  pamphlet,  indeed.  Then  the  first  two 
volumes  of  the  *'  Minstrelsy "  issued  from  the  Kelso  press  in  a 
splendour  of  typography  which  evoked  the  highest  admiration.     We 


SIR  WALTER   SCOTT 


15 


like  to  think  of  Scott's  associations  with  this  charming  Tweedside 
town — the  "  Queen  of  the  Borders,"  and,  as  described  by  himself, 
"the  most  beautiful  if  not  the  most  romantic  village  in  Scotland." 
He  had  the  kindest  of  friends  at  Kelso  in  his  maiden  Aunt  Jenny, 
and  indulgent  sailor  uncle  at  Rosebank.  It  was  from  Kelso,  too, 
as  a  law-student  on  holiday,  free  for  a  time  from  the  "  dry  and 
barren  wil- 
derness of 
forms  and 
convey- 
ances,"  that 
he  sallied 
forth  to 
Flodden,  to 
No  r  h  a  m 
Castle,  and 
Berwick, 
and  as  far 
south  as 
B  a  m  b  o  r  - 
ough  and 
Lindisfarne 
— all  after- 
wards 
shrined  in 
"  Marmion," 
the  greatest 
of  his  verse- 
romances. 
Round 
about  Kelso, 
he  would  be 
quite  at 
home  at 
Ednam,  the 

birthplace  of  a  portrait  of  sir  WALTER  SCOTT,    by  JOSEPH  SLATER 


^^W 


*  // 


16 


SIR  WALTER  SCOTT 


SIR  WALTER  SCOTT,    BY  JOHN 
GRAHAM  GILBERT,    1829 


the  author  of  "  The  Seasons  "  ;  at  Yetholm, 
the  Gypsy  Capital;  at  Jedburgh,  Southdean, 
Crailing,  and  Ancrum — names  of  stirring 
note  in  Border  history  and  romance. 

Scott  married  in  1797,  settHng  down  with 
the  prim  but  pleasant,  if  not  particularly 
pretty,  mademoiselle  with  whom  he  fell  in 
love,  seemingly  at  first  sight,  among  the 
Cumberland  mountains.  *'  By  Eske's  fair 
streams  that  run  "  they  lived  for  six  years 
a  pleasantly  simple  life  in  the  rustic  cottage 
at  Lasswade,  still  to  the  fore,  and  practically 
unchanged  (it  was  lately  in  the  market). 
Of  Scott's  Edinburgh  homes,  little  here, 
save  to  say  that  39,  Castle  Street — "  dear 
old   39 " — w  as   his   abode   for   many   years, 

where   his    best   work   was    done,  and  at   whose   window   Lockhart 

beheld   that   striking,    somewhat   weird,   Belshazzar-like  vision  of  a 

hand  writing  far  into  the  early  hours  of  the  morning. 

As  Sheriff  of  Selkirkshire,   or,  more  familiarly,  and  as  he  liked 

best  to  be  styled,  the  "  Shirra,"  Scott  lived 

for  a  time  at  Clovenfords  Inn  on  the  Tweed, 

recently  restored,  and  again  catering  for  the 

angler  and   summer  visitor.      Wordsworth 

slept    here    on    his    first    Border    tour    in 

1803,    of    which    the    fruit   was    "Yarrow 

Revisited." 

And   when  we  came  to  Clovenford, 

Then  said  my   winsome  marrow, 
"  Whatever  betide  we'll  turn  aside 

And  see  the  Braes  of  Yarrow." 

Not  far  off  is  Ashestiel,  from  1804  to 
1811  the  centre  of  some  of  the  dearest 
associations    of   Scott's    life.      For    one    of 

o        .  .  5  .  .  Jill*  ii  SIR   WALTER  SCOTT,   BY  SIR  J. 

bcott  s    temperament    and    hobbies,    there         watson  cordon  r.a. 


SIR   WALTER   SCOTT 


17 


Froiii  a  photo  by  Messrs.   Valentine  &=  Sons,  Ltd.,  Dundee 

ABBOTSFORD   AND   THE   EILDON   HILLS 


could  not  have  been  a  more  ideal  dwelling.  Quiet  and  retired 
and  situated  on  a  singularly  enchanting  reach  of  the  Tweed,  the 
scenery  all  round  about  has  been  well  imaged  in  his  own  deathless 
lines.  "  You  approached  it,"  says  I^ockhart,  "  through  an  old- 
fashioned  garden  with  holly-hedges,  and  broad  green  terrace- walks. 
On  one  side,  close  under  the  windows,  is  a  deep  ravine,  clothed 
with  venerable  trees,  down  which  a  mountain  rivulet  is  heard, 
more  than  seen,  in  its  progress  to  the  Tweed.  The  river  itself  is 
separated  from  the  high  bank  on  which  the  house  stands  only 
by  a  narrow  meadow  of  the  richest  verdure.  Opposite  and  all 
around  are  the  green  hills.  The  valley  there  is  narrow,  and  the 
aspect  in  every  direction  is  that  of  perfect  pastoral  repose.  The 
heights  immediately  behind  are  those  which  divide  the  Tweed  from 
the  Yarrow,  and  the  latter  celebrated  stream  lies  within  an  easy 
ride,  in  the  course  of  which  the  traveller  passes  through  a  variety 


18 


SIR   WALTER   SCOTT 


photo  by  John  Patrick,  Edinburgh 

LOCH   KATRINE 


of  the  finest  mountain 
scenery  in  the  south 
of  Scotland."  Ashe- 
stiel  has  altered 
considerably  —  "  sor- 
rowfully changed,"  as 
Ruskin  wrote  in  1883, 
since  Scott's  occu- 
pancy. The  east  wing 
has  been  added,  and 
the  entrance,  which 
formerly  faced  the 
Tweed,  is  now  turned 
hillwards.  Scott 
wrote  in  the  old  dining-room^ — not  the  small  study  which  Ruskin 
saw  and  described  in  "Fors,"  vol.  viii. — the  modern  library,  a 
quaint,  old-fashioned  room  on  the  east  side  of  the  entrance 
porch.  Through  one  of  the  original  windov^  s,  now  converted  into 
a  press  beside  the  fireplace,  the  greyhounds  Douglas  and  Percy 
bounded  out  and  in  at  will.  Scott  kept  his  books  upstairs  in  the 
dressing-room.  Not  any  part  of  the  furniture  is  associated  with  him 
except  a  large  easy-chair,  gifted  by  Scott  to  his  invalid  cousin,  Jane 

Russell,  and  after- 
wards used  by  himself 
during  the  last  sad 
days  at  Abbotsford. 
A  portrait  and  a 
punch-bowl,  presents 
to  his  cousin,  are  the 
sole  remaining  relics. 
Revisiting  Ashestiel 
in  1826,  Scott  wrote 
in  his  diary :  "  Here 
I  passed  some  happy 
— — — — vPrirs  1  Jid    1    ev^er 

From  a  photo  by  Messrs.   I'alentine  <5r»  Sons,  Ltd.,  Dundee  *' 

MELROSE  ABBEY  pass    uuhappy    years 


SIR   WALTER   SCOTT 


19 


anywhere  ? "  The  place  was  printed  deep  on  his  heart,  and  had 
he  been  able  to  purchase  the  property,  Abbotsford  might  never 
have  arisen  from  the  swamps  of  Clarty  Hole.  At  Ashestiel,  his 
fame  as  a  poet  rose  to  its  full  height,  and  the  locality  is  therefore 
more  interesting  to  students  of  his  poetry  than  any  other  of  the  Scott 
shrines.  "  The  Lay  of  the  Last  Minstrel "  (partly),  "  Marmion,"  "  The 
Lady  of  the  Lake,"  were  written  and  published  during  his  stay  at 


THE  CHANTREY  BUST 

OF  SIR  WALTER 

SCOTT,   1820 

Rischgitz  Collection. 


20 


SIR   WALTER   SCOTT 


Painted  Jor  King  Ceo7ge  IV.  in  1820,  and  ncio 

in  the  Corridor  at  Windsor  Castle 

SIR  WALTER  SCOTT,  BY  SIR  THOMAS 

LAWRENCE 

Rischgitz  Collection 


Ashestiel,  and  the  first  chapters  of 
"  Waverley  "  dashed  off  and  laid  aside, 
to  be  examined  some  years  later,  and 
finally  lost  sight  of  until  their  more 
momentous  appearance  in  1813.  A 
knoll,  on  the  adjoining  farm  of  Peel, 
and  overlooking  the  Peel  or  Glenkin- 
non  Burn,  where  Scott  is  said  to  have 
penned  large  portions  of  "  Marmion," 
is  still  known  as  the  "  Shirra's  Knowe," 
and  another  favourite  spot  is  pointed 
out  underneath  a  tree  on  the  river 
bank  not  far  from  the  house.  There, 
looking  out  towards  Neidpath  Fell  and 
the  "  sister  heights  of  Yair,"  with  the 
"  ever-dear  Tweed  "  in  pleasant  babble 


at  his  feet,  and  the  glamour  of 
old  romance  around  him,  the 
great  Minstrel  sang  his  immortal 
lays.  It  is  to  be  regretted  that 
Ashestiel  does  not  receive  the 
recognition  which  it  ought  to 
have  as  a  prominent  Scott  land- 
mark. There  is  reason  to  fear 
that  Ruskin's  taunt  may  be,  after 
all,  only  too  well  founded,  that 
the  birthplace  of  "  Marmion  "  is 
in  danger  of  being  forgotten 
as  a  favourite  haunt  of  the  most 
illustrious  figure  in  Scottish 
literary  history. 

Within  easy  reach  of  Ashe- 
stiel lie  a  number  of  the 
best-known     shrines     of    Scott. 


Frotn  a  photo  by  J  no.  Clapperton,  Galashiels 
RHYMER'S   GLEN 


SIR   WALTER   SCOTT 


21 


w 

c^ 

"^mkm 

Ki  ^    \^         ,,^      -     "^■. 

.1 

1 

""^^^      ~         1 

; 

/•V^w  the  picture  by  L.  M.  Hardie,  R.S.A. 


FINDING   THE   MS.   OF   "  WAVERLEY " 
(Reproduced  from  W.  S.  Crockett's  "  The  Scott  Country,"  by  kind  permission  of  Messrs.  A.  &  C.  Black) 

Innerleithen  has  long  established  its  claim  to  be  his  "  St.  Ronan's." 
A  mere  village  of  six  hundred  inhabitants  when  the  novel  was 
written,  it  is  now  a  busy  manufacturing  centre,  with  a  population 
of  about  four  thousand.  The  "  Tully-A'eolan  "  of  "  AVaverley  "  is 
more  than  likely  to  be  the  history-haunted  House  of  Traquair,  on 
the  Tweed,  farther  over  from  Innerleithen.  Change  has  scarcely 
touched  the  place.  It  stands  to-day  solitary  in  its  old-worldness, 
no  abode  in  Scotland  more  quaint  and  curious,  turreted,  walled, 
buttressed,  windowed,  and  loopholed,  all  as  in  the  olden  time.  Still 
is  its  great  gate  shut  against  all  intrusion,  and  the  fierce  Bradwardine 
Bears  frown  as  in  years  bygone.  At  Peebles,  Scott  found  his  proto- 
type of  "  INIeg  Dods  " — a  "  landlady  of  the  olden  world  "  ;  and  the 
"  Cleikum  Inn,"  erected  in  1653,  and  altered  only  slightly,  has  long 
been  known  as  the  Cross   Keys.     Scott  spent  not  a  few  "  cheerful 


22 


SIR    WALTER   SCOTT 


days,"  as  he  told  the  Words- 
worths,  in  Neidpath  Castle 
when  it  was  inhabited  by 
Professor  Ferguson  and  his 
family.  It  is  the  scene  of 
his  poem,  "  The  Maid  of 
Xeidpath,"  and  is  still  in  a 
fair  state  of  repair.  The 
Black  Dwarfs  cottage  in 
the  Vale  of  Manor — Veitch's 
'*  sweetest  glen  of  all  the 
South" — is  not  that  in  which 
Scott  had,  in  1797,  the 
terribly  weird  interview  with 
David  Ritchie,  when,  strong 
and  fearless  man  as  he  was, 
he  became  pale  as  ashes, 
and  his  person  was  agitated 
in  every  limb.  The  present 
structure  was  set  up  in  1802, 
but  the  original  door  and 
window  have  been  retained. 
Further  up  the  Tweed,  we  come  to  Drummelzier  Castle,  mentioned 
in  "  The  Betrothed "  Introduction ;  Talla  Linns,  the  scene  of  a 
"Heart  of  Midlothian"  incident  (chapter  xviii.) ;  and  over  the 
watershed,  on  the  Annan  side  a  little,  the  "  deep,  black,  blackguard- 
looking  abyss "  of  the  Devil's  Beef  Tub,  referred  to  in  the  Laird 
of  Summertrces'  adventure  in  "  Redgauntlet "  (chapter  xi.).  At 
Yarrow  Kirk,  across  the  hills  from  Ashestiel,  Scott  frequently  wor- 
shipped. His  maternal  great-grandfather,  John  Rutherford,  had  been 
minister  of  the  parish,  and  the  mural  tablet  to  his  memory  in  the 
back  wall  he  styled  the  *'  shrine  of  my  ancestors."  The  place  is 
hardly  at  all  changed  since  Scott's  day.  Doubtless  many  of  the 
houses  in  Yarrow  and  Ettrick  stand  as  Scott  saw  them  during  his 
period  of  Sheriffship.  Blackhouse,  the  home  of  "  dear  AYillie " 
I^aidlaw,    frequently   visited    by   Scott   with    I^eyden  and  Skene   in 


J-')-o);i  an  engrai'ing  by  Edward  Swzth 
SIR  WALTER  SCOTT,   BY  SIR   DAVID   WILKIE,    R.A 
Rischgitz  Collection 


SIR   WALTER   SCOTT 


23 


their  ballad-hunting  excursions,  has  not  altered  much.  Altrieve — 
Hogg's  home — is,  however,  practically  gone,  merged  in  a  new 
building  with  a  new  name — Eldinhope.  Of  JVIount  Benger  not  a 
stone  is  left  on  another.  The  Gordon  Arms  has  been  much  enlarged 
since  Scott  and  the  Shepherd  took  here  their  final  farewell.  Mungo 
Park's  birthplace  at  Foulshiels  is  a  roofless  ruin,  and  Ettrickhall, 
near  Ettrick  Kirk,  where  Scott  first  met  James  Hogg,  demohshed 
in  1830,  has  been  recently  commemorated  by  a  handsome  freestone 
obelisk. 

It  is  to  Abbotsford,  however,  that  one  naturally  turns  in  dealing 
w4th  the  homes  of  Sir 
Walter.  Built  between 
1811  and  1825,  Scott  had 
only,  practically  speaking, 
one  brief  year  of  comfort 
and  ease  of  mind  in  its 
occupancy.  In  1826  came 
the  biggest  literary  finan- 
cial failure  of  the  century. 
Soon  afterwards  Eady 
Scott  died.  Scott's  hair 
began  to  whiten,  and  with 
intervals  of  broken  health 
and  pressing  monetary 
difficulties,  he  was  worried 
enough.  An  ugly,  filthy 
spot  was  the  original 
Abbotsford.  Gradually 
there  sprang  up  the 
modest  villa,  with  its  few 
enclosed  fields.  By-and- 
by  came  a  larger  addition 

to   both    house   and   land,         ^  portrait  of  sir  walter  scott,  by  andrew 
until  finally  it  had  grown  geddes.  a.r.a.,  iSis 

to     baronial      proportions—  ^"  ^^^  Scottish: National  Portrait  Gallery 

\        ^  (Reproduced  from  the  Edinburgh  Waverley  E 'mon,  ly  kind 

a     "  romance     in     stone     and  permission  of  Messrs.  T.  C.  &  E.  C.  Jack) 


24 


SIR   WALTER   SCOTT 


From  a  painting',by  C.  K. 

Leslie,  R.A.,  1824 

SIR    WALTER   SCOTT 

Rischgitz  Collection 


lime " — inside  and  outside  a  tangible,  unique 
commentary  on  the  nation's  history.  Following 
Scott's  death,  the  place  appears  to  have  been 
somewhat  neglected.  In  1853,  JNIr.  Hope-Scott, 
husband  of  Lockhart's  daughter,  came  into 
possession,  and  a  new  era  began.  An  eminent 
and  wealthy  Parliamentary  barrister,  anxious  to 
make  Abbotsford  his  principal  summer  resi- 
dence, he  spent  large  sums  on  additions  and 
improvements.  "  An  arrangement  of  access  by 
which  visitors  might  be  admitted  to  the  show- 
rooms was  constructed,  and  for  the  use  of  his 
own  family  he  built,  during  the  years  1855-57, 
on  the  east  side,  a  large  addition,  consisting  of  a  chapel,  hall, 
drawing-room,  boudoir,  and  a  suite  of  bedrooms.  The  old  kitchen, 
with  its   motto,   'Waste   not,  want  not,'  was    turned   into    a  linen 

room,  and  there  was  erected  a 
long  range  of  new  kitchen  offices 
facing  the  Tweed,  which  raised 
the  elevation  of  Scott's  edifice 
and  improved  the  facade  of  the 
house  from  the  river.  At  the 
same  time  the  avenue  was 
lengthened,  a  lodge  built,  and 
the  main  road  shifted  several 
yards  back,  thus  giving  a  privacy 
to  the  house  which  it  had  not 
possessed  in  former  days."  This 
Hope-Scott  extension,  in  light 
freestone,  is  easily  recognisable  in 
contrast  to  the  darker  hue  of  Sir 
Walter's  house,  which  was  built 
of  native  blue  whin. 

But  Abbotsford  must  be  seen 

Engraved  l.y  Findcn  ^^     ^^     UUdcrStOOd,     aud      UO     pkcC, 

SIR  WALTER  SCOTT,   FROM  A  PAINTING  ,  .  ...  ^       , 

BY.  G.-'s.. NEWTON,  R.A.  as  uas  bccH  said,  is  more  popular 


SIR   WALTER   SCOTT 


25 


Painted  for   Mr.    Murray   by 
Thomas  Fhillips,  R.A.,t.Z\Z 

SIR   WALTER   SCOTT 

Rischgilz  Collection 


as  a  tourist  centre.  Everything  has  been  left 
very  much  as  in  Scott's  hfetime,  and  for  the 
visitor  there  is  the  rarest  possible  treat.  The 
rooms  shown,  and  in  this  order,  are  the  Study, 
Library,  Drawing- Room,  Armoury,  and  Entrance 
Hall.  The  Dining-Room — "  his  own  great 
parlour  " — is  not  open  to  the  public.  Here  the 
final  tragedy  was  played  out  on  that  balmy 
afternoon  of  1832 — "a  beautiful  day,  so  warm 
that  every  window  was  wide  open,  and  so  per- 
fectly still  that  the  sound  of  all  others  most 
delicious  to  his  ear — the  gentle  ripple  of  the 
Tweed  over  its   pebbles — was   distinctly  audible 


as  we  knelt  around  the 
bed,  and  his  eldest  son 
kissed  and  closed  his 
eyes." 

JNIelrose,  the  Capital 
of  the  Scott  Country,  and 
the  "  Kennaquhair "  of 
"  The  Monastery,"  has 
changed  considerably  since 
Scott's  day.  The  modern 
town  may  be  said  to  be 
entirely  his  creation. 
Handsome  hotels,  a  pala- 
tial Hydropathic,  the  fine 
suburban  villas  on  the 
Weir  Hill  side,  have  all 
sprung  up  since  then. 
And  in  summer  it  is, 
perhaps,  the  gayest  and 
most  pleasure-haunted 
place  on  the  Border. 
The  Abbotsford  road  is 
crowded     with     the 


JOHN  GIBSON  LOCKHART,  SON-IN-LAW  AND  BIOGRAPHER 

OF  SIR  WALTER  SCOTT 

(Reproduced  by  kind  permission  of  Mr.  John  Murray  from  a 

portrait  in  his  possession) 


26 


SIR   AVALTER   SCOTT 


inevitable  coach 
and  waggonette 
traffic,  and  the  now 
ubiquitous  motor- 
car. "  St.  David's 
ruined  pile/'  too, 
has  its  constant 
stream,  and,  thanks 
to  the  ducal  owner, 
the  structure  is  as- 
well  kept  and  as 
well  preserved  as 
when  the  Bard  of 
his  clan  was  its 
most  frequent  and 
most  honoured 
visitor.  The  like 
can  be  said  of 
Dryburgh,  where  he  now  sleeps  —  in  picturesqueness  and  seclusion 
of  situation   the    most   charming  monastic  ruin  in  Great  Britain. 


CHIEFSWOOD   COTTAGE 

The  residence  of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  J.  G.  Lockhart  in  the  early  years  of  their 
married  life 

(Reproduced  from  W.  S.  Crockett's  "  The  Scott  Country,"  by  kind 
permission  of  Messrs.  A.  and  C.  Black) 


All  is  silent  as  a  dream, 
But  for  a  throstle  on  the  ancient  yew, 
But  for  the  low  faint  murmur  of  the  stream  ; 
And  sweet  old-fashioned  scents  are  floating  through 
The  arch  from  thyme  and  briar,  as  for  ever 
Shall  his  sweet  nature  haunt  this  fabled  river. 


W.  S.  Crockett 


THE     PORTRAITS 
OF     SIR     WALTER     SCOTT 

NOTHING  in  Sir  Walter  Scott's  remarkable  career  is  more 
notable  than  his  capacity  for  finding  time  to  meet  the  wishes, 
and  even  to  gratify  the  whims  of  friends.  Throughout  a  life  full 
to  overflowing  with  literary  labour  and  professional  duties,  he  seemed 
to  have  leisure  for  everything.  And  not  least  is  this  evident  in 
the  number  of  times  he    sat   for  his  portrait.       Proud  and  glad   of 


1 

i 

i 
i 

i 

i 

A   PORTRAIT 

OF 

1      MRS.  J.  G.  LOCKHART 

Sir  Walter  Scott's  eldest 

^laughter  Sophia  was 

married  to 

Mr.  John  Gibson  Lockhart 

on  the  29th  of  April, 

1820 

(Reproduced  from 
Lockhart's  "Life  of  Scott," 
j            by  kind  permission 
of  Messrs.  A.  &  C.  Black) 

1 

1; 

1 

28 


SIR    WALTER    SCOTT 


"THE  ABBOTSFORD    FAMILY,"   BY   SIR  DAVID   WILKIE,    R.A. 

In  the  National  Gallery  of  Scotland 

(Reproduced  from  "Sir  David  Wilkie  "  in  the  "Great  Masters  in  Painting  and  Sculpture"  Series,  by  kind 

permission  of  Messrs.  Geo.  Bell  &  Sons) 


his  friendship,  his  friends  were  continually  asking  him  to  sit  to  some 
artist  of  their  acquaintance.  Scott  shared  his  favourite  staghound's 
repugnance  to  posing,  for  we  find  him  writing  in  his  Diary,  apj^opos  of 
a  portrait  that  Terry  the  actor  wanted,  "  This  is  very  far  from  being 
agreeable.  I  am  as  tired  of  the  operation  as  old  '  Maida,'  who  has 
been  so  often  sketched  that  he  got  up  and  walked  off  with  signs  of 
loathing  whenever  he  saw  an  artist  unfurl  his  paper  and  handle  his 
brushes  "  ;  but  he  was  supremely  good-natured,  and  always  willing 
to  oblige  a  personal  friend  or  a  young  painter.  It  is  to  this  that  we 
owe  our  exceedingly  intimate  knowledge  of  his  appearance  from  year 
to  year,  a  knowledge  unequalled  in  the  case  of  any  other  author. 


SIR   WALTER   SCOTT 


29 


Besides  many  minor  sketches,  there  are  fully  thirty  important 
portraits  of  Scott  from  life,  and  of  a  number  of  these  there  are 
several  repetitions,  for  which  he  gave  special  sittings.  Of  originals 
more  than  four-and-twenty  were  executed  during  the  last  fourteen 
or  fifteen  years  of  his  life^ — the  busiest  of  all — indeed,  one  may  say 
that  every  year  after  1815  was  marked  by  the  appearance  of  at  least 
one  new  portrait,  and  probably  by  sittings  for  replicas  of  others. 


■          ll 

J 

i 

1 

1 
1 
1 

A 

^Br^  '^     ^^^^^1 

j 
j 

PORTRAIT 

OF 
SCOTT, 

m  ' 

BY 

i^^HH 

^.^ 

KNIGHT, 

4P^^P^ 

3f 

1826 

Rischgitz 
Collection 

^  ■    -"^^ 

1 

,>>*^6«^j^ 

s 

jB 

1  ' 

k 

^^^1 

^m 

% 

4^8^H 

^^ 

1 

^te^ 

i»^M 

^^K 

1 

mm. 

W 

B  ^ 

- 

ISE^  , 

^K-'  . 

1/ #■ 

1     '- 

i 

.^^^^^^-^SW             .    ;,-'^^,      .*^J..'^«#ft5;:      ^-     -!^.s.^». 

■i^errrpTsr- 

i 

1 

30 


SIR   WALTER   SCOTT 


/'ho*o  I'v  A.  A.  higlis,  Edinburgh 

ABBOTSFORD   FROM   THE   SOUTH-WEST 


It  was  during  a 
visit  to  Bath,  in  1777, 
that  the  first  known 
portrait  was  made. 
He  was  only  in  his 
sixth  year,  but  the 
general  moulding  of 
the  head,  with  its  ab- 
normal height  above 
the  eyes,  and  even  of 
the  features,  has  a 
strong  resemblance  to 
the  portraits  of  his 
maturity,  particularly 
to  the  profile  drawing  by  Chantrey  and  the  Death  Mask.  The 
ivory  of  the  original  having  been  cracked,  it  was  given  by  Mrs. 
Scott  to  a  relation,  from  whose  family  it  passed  into  the  hands  of 
David  Laing,  who  in  turn  bequeathed  it  to  the  Scottish  Society 
of  Antiquaries,  by  which  body  it  is  now  lent  to  the  Scottish 
National  Portrait  Gallery.  The  version  at  Abbotsford  is  an  old 
copy,  as  is  that  which  belongs  to  Mr.  John  Murray.  Twenty  years 
passed  before  the  next  authentic  portrait,  the  miniature  in  Yeomanry 

uniform,  was  painted 
to  send  to  his  fiancee. 
Miss  Carpenter,  on 
the  eve  of  their  wed- 
ding. It  is  well 
enough  in  its  way, 
but  lacks  character, 
and  except  for  associ- 
ation (it  lies  in  a  case 
in  the  library  at 
Abbotsford,  beside  a 
miniature  of  I^ady 
^.  ,,,,,,,.,,     ,  Scott,    for    which     it 

From  a  ^hoto  by  A.  A.  litgui>,  Edtnourgk  ' 

THE  ENTRANCE  HALL  AT  ABBOTSFORD  WaS    CXChangcd)      is    of 


SIR   WALTER   SCOTT 


31 


SIR   WALTER   SCOTT   AND   HIS   FRIENDS,    FROM   A   PAINTING  BY   THOMAS   FAED,    R.A. 
Sir  Walter  Scott                  Rev.  George  Crabbe                Sir  Adam  Ferguson  Sir  David  Wilkie 

James  Hogg  John  G.  Lockhart  Thomas  Moore  Archibald  Constable 

Henry  Mackenzie  W.  Wordsworth  Thomas  Campbell  James  Ballantyne 

John  Wilson  Lord  Jeffrey  Sir  William  Allan  Sir  Humphry  Davy 

Thomas  Thomson 

(Reproduced  from  W.  S.  Crockett's  "The  Scott  Country,"  by  kind  permission  of  Messrs.  A.  &  C.  Black) 

little  account.  Of  greater  interest  is  the  first  portrait  in  oils,  painted 
in  1805,  by  James  Saxon,  a  IVlanchester  artist,  who  for  a  while 
met  with  considerable  success  in  Edinburgh.  I  have  not  seen  this 
picture,  but,  judging  from  other  of  Saxon's  portraits,  such  as  the 
"John  Clerk  of  Eldin,"  father  of  Scott's  friends,  WiUiam  Clerk 
and  Lord  Eldin,  or  the  "  Lady  Scott,"  it  should  be  well  painted ; 
while  the  engraving  by  James  Heath  for  "  The  T^ady  of  the  Lake  " 
(1810) — it  was  the  first  published  portrait  of  the  poet — bears  out 
the  contemporary  estimate  that  it  conveyed  "an  impress  of  the 
elasticity  and  youthful  vivacity  which  Scott  used  to  complain  wore 
off  after  he  was  forty."  INIeanwhile,  however,  Scott,  now  famous 
as  the  author  of  "The  Lay"  and  "  Marmion,"  had  sat  (1808)  to 
Raeburn,  at  the  request  of  his  publisher,  Archibald    Constable,  for 


32 


SIR   WALTER   SCOTT 


the  full-length  which  is  so  well  known 
from  the  brown  mezzotint  by  Charles 
Turner  (1810).  Although  I.ockhart  did 
not  care  much  for  this  as  a  likeness, 
and  it  cannot  be  considered  one  of  its 
painter's  successes,  Scott  thought  highly 
of  it,  for,  having  quarrelled  with  Con- 
stable, he  asked  if  he  might  have  it, 
and,  the  request  being  declined  in 
"  most  handsome  terms,"  got  Raeburn 
to  paint  (1809)  a  replica,  for  which  he 
gave  several  sittings.  This,  which 
hangs  in  the  drawing-room  at  Abbots- 
ford,  is  in  every  respect  a  finer  picture 
than  its  predecessor,  now  the  property 
of  the  Duke  of  Buccleuch,  from  which 


From  a  photo  by  J  no.  Clappsrton,  Galashiels 

THE  OLD   TOLBOOTH   DOOR  AT 
ABBOTSFORD 


SIR   WALTER   SCOTT,    BY   SIR   WILLIAM 

ALLAN,    R.A.,    1832 

In  the  National  Portrait  Gallery 


it  differs  in  background  and 
by  the  introduction  of  a  white 
and  yellow  greyhound  in  ad- 
dition to  "  Camp,"  the  bull- 
terrier,  who  also  figures  in 
Saxon's  portrait.  The  Ab- 
botsford  picture  has  never 
been  engraved,  but,  through 
the  kindness  of  the  Hon.  Mrs. 
Maxwell  Scott,  Messrs.  Jack 
were  able  to  include  a  photo- 
gravure of  the  head  in  their 
"  Edinburgh  "  edition  of  the 
novels. 

Between  this  Raeburn  and 
the  Chantrey  bust  of  1820  the 


SIR   WALTER   SCOTT 


38 


l<'yoin  a  photo  by  A.  A.  Iiiglis,  Kdinburgh 

THE   LIBRARY  AT   ABBOTSFORD 


most  important  por- 
trait painted  was  that 
by  Andrew  Geddes. 
Henning  produced  a 
drawing  and  a  medal- 
lion about  1809  ;  W. 
Nicholson  etched  in 
1817  a  water-colour  he 
had  made  two  years 
before  ;  in  1817  also 
Wilkie  painted  the 
"Abbotsford  Family," 
which  some  time  ago 
passed  from  the  Fer- 
guson   family,    by    a 

member  of  which  it  had  been  commissioned,  into  the  National 
Gallery  of  Scotland  ;  and  a  year  later  Thomas  Phillips,  to  whom 
we  are  indebted  for  so  many  portraits  of  literary  and  artistic 
celebrities,  executed  the  picture  in  which  Sir  Walter  is  depicted 
in  a  tartan  plaid,  which  hangs  in  Mr.  Murray's  rooms  in  Albemarle 
Street.  But  these  are  of  little  interest  compared  with  the  Geddes, 
which  is,  perhaps,  the  most  convincing,  as  it  is  the  most  artistic, 
pictorial  record  of 
Scott  in  existence. 
Probably  a  study  for 
a  very  large  picture, 
since  ruined  by  neg- 
lect, commemorative 
of  the  Discovery  of 
the  Scottish  Regaha, 
it  was  painted  about 
1818,  the  year  of  "The 
Heart  of  Midlothian," 
and  shows  him  at  the 
very    height    of     his 

•^  *-'  .  From  a  ^Jioto  by  A.  A.  Inglis,  Ediuiunxk 

powers.   His  eyes  have  the  study  at  abbotsford 


34 


SIR   WALTER   SCOTT 


that  curiously  dreamy,  almost  sleepy,  look  so  characteristic  of  his 
expression  when  lost  in  contemplation,  and  the  mouth  holds,  as  no 
other  painted  mouth  of  his  does,  the  promise  of  infinite  humour, 
pathos,  and  good  nature.  The  artist  also  made  a  pencil  drawing, 
which  has  been  engraved,  and  both  picture  and  drawing  are  to  be 
seen  in  the  Scottish  National  Portrait  Gallery. 

In  a  paper  like  this  it  is  obviously  impossible  to  deal  in  detail  with 
every  likeness  produced  after  1820.  That  year  itself  saw  Scott 
in  London  to  receive  his  baronetcy,  and  the  commencement  of  two 
fine  portraits.  Chantrey,  who  had  made  Scott's  accquaintance 
through  his  Dumfriesshire  assistant,  Allan  Cunningham,  asked  him 
to  sit,  and  the  result  was  the  charming  and  characteristic  bust  which, 

in  Lockhart's  opinion, 
"  alone  preserves  for 
posterity  the  cast  of 
expression  most  fondly 
remembered  by  all 
who  ever  mingled  in 
his  domestic  circle." 
Six  years  later,  as  the 
inscription  on  the 
marble  records,  it  was 
presented  by  the 
sculptor  to  the  poet 
as  a  token  of  esteem, 
and  to-day  it  stands  in 
the  niche  at  the  end 
of  the  Abbotsford 
library,  where  Scott's 
son  placed  it  the  day 
after  his  father's 
funeral.  In  addition 
to  casts  in  bronze  for 
Robert  Cadell  and 
Allan  Cunningham, 
the  sculptor  car\'ed  a 


SIR   WALTER   SCO!  T    IN    HIS   STUDY,    FROM   A   PAINTING   BY 
SIR   WILLIAM   ALLAN,    R.A. 

Rii-chgitz  Collection 


SIR   WALTER   SCOTT 


35 


duplicate  for  Apsley 
House,  and,  when  he 
presented  the  original  to 
Sir  AValter,  he  received 
sittings  for  another,  which 
was  afterwards  acquired 
by  Sir  Robert  Peel. 
Quite  as  interesting  in 
its  way  is  the  charming 
drawing  (in  the  Oxford 
University  Gallery)  done 
by  Chantrey  at  this  time, 
and  reproduced  by  Ruskin 
in  ''Fors  Clavigera" 
(xxxi.)  as  "  Walter  of  the 
Borderland." 

Though  less  intimate 
in  mood,  the  Lawrence 
portrait,  which  dates  from 
this  visit,  is  also  of  first- 
class  importance.  To 
Scott  the  request  to  sit 
came  in  most  flattering 
form,  for  Sir  Thomas  informed  him  that  his  was  to  be  first  of 
a  series  of  the  King's  most  distinguished  contemporaries  that  his 
Majesty  desired  to  have  for  Windsor  Castle.  Scott's  opinion,  re- 
corded in  his  Diary  for  November,  1826,  when  he  gave  the  President 
a  flnal  sitting,  was  one  of  wonder  that  "  Sir  Thomas  had  made  so 
much  out  of  an  old  weather-beaten  block " ;  and  Lockhart  thought 
that,  while  the  picture  was  finer  when  the  head  floated  against  a 
sea  of  dark  blank  canvas,  and  the  flgure  was,  as  it  is,  somewhat 
out  of  scale  with  the  head,  the  artist  had  caught  with  admirable 
skill  one  of  the  loftiest  expressions  of  his  sitter  s  countenance. 

In  1822  Sir  Henry  Raeburn,  at  the  request  of  Lord  Montagu, 
had  a  second  innings,  and  produced  the  singularly  massive  and 
powerful  head  that  belongs  to  the  Earl  of  Home,  and  several  other 


SIR   WALTER   SCOTT,    BV   SIR   JOHN   WATSON 

GORDON,    R.A.,   1830 

Risch^itz  Collection 


36 


SIR   WAT/rER  SCOTT 


From  a  photo  by  Messrs.   I  alentinc  c-^  Sons,  Ltd.,  Dundee 

SIR  WALTER  SCOTT'S  TOMB   IN  DRYBURGH  ABBEY 


versions,  rather  differ- 
ent in  arrangement,  of 
which  that  which  he 
retained  for  himself 
(now  in  Mr.  Arthur 
Sanderson's  collection) 
was  admirably  en- 
graved in  a  combi- 
nation of  stipple  and 
line  by  A^^ i  1 1  i a m 
Walker.  It  is  to  be 
regretted  that  the 
graceful  story  which 
makes  this  the  last 
work  of  Raeburn's  hand  will  not  stand  investigation.  Joseph's  bust, 
which  shows  an  independent  reading  of  Scott's  character,  belongs 
to  the  following  year,  and  1824  is  remarkable  for  sittings  for  at 
least  three  new  portraits.  Newton's,  of  which  versions  exist  at 
Abbotsford  and  Mr.  John  Murray's,  was  considered  the  best  domestic 
portrait  ever  done ;  but  the  other  American,  Leslie,  was  less 
fortunate,  and  missed  the  essential  character.  His  commission  was 
from  Mr.   Ticknor,  of  Boston,  and  the  portrait  painted  for  him  is 

now  in  the  Boston 
Gallery  ;  but  replicas 
are  owned  by  Lord 
Rosebery  and  in  Aus- 
tralia. Wilkie's,  which 
now  belongs  to  ^Sir 
Donald  Currie,  was  a 
study  for  the  big  pic- 
ture of  George  IV. 
entering  Holyrood — 
a  Royal  commission — 
in  which  Scott  figures 
as  the  "  Bard."      The 

From  a  t>koto  by  Messrs.  Valentin,    ^  Piohh'c  .  ,  -- --        |. 

DRYBURGH  AIM/.  portraits     by    Maclise 


A   PORTRAIT    OF   SJR   WALTER   SCOTT,    BY    SIR   EDWIN   LANDSEER,   R.A.,   PAINTED 
IN  1834,   AFTER   THE   AUTHOR'S   DEATH 

Rischgit    Collection 


38 


SIR   WALTER   SCOTT 


(1825),  Knight  (1826),  and 
Graham  Gilbert  (1829)  need 
not  detain  us,  although  the 
last  represents  the  "  Author 
of  Waverley "  in  his  capa- 
city as  President  of  the 
Royal  Society  (Edinburgh), 
and  the  first  was  so  popular 
that  the  sale  of  reproduc- 
tions enabled  the  artist  to 
set  up  a  studio.  1828,  hke 
1824,  produced  three  por- 
traits, of  which  Colvin 
Smith's  was  such  a  favourite 
that  the  artist  was  called 
on  for  a  score  of  replicas. 
It  is  not  a  great  work,  how- 
ever, and  I^ockhart's  opinion 
was  unfavourable.  Hay- 
don's,  incidentally  referred 
to  in  the  Diary,  has  disappeared ;  and  that  in  which  "  the  old 
wizard,  Northcote,  who  really  resembles  an  animated  mummy," 
represented  himself  painting  Sir  Walter,  I  have  only  seen  in  a 
small  version,  perhaps  that  referred  to  by  Allan  Cunningham, 
which,  when  shown  at  the  Glasgow  International  Exhibition  in 
1901,  was  described  as  "Sir  David  Wilkie  painting  the  portrait  of 
Sir  Walter  Scott"! 

Perhaps  the  last  portraits,  that  show  Sir  Walter  before  his  heroic 
struggle  to  die  without  debt  had  broken  him  down  completely,  were 
painted  by  Sir  John  Watson  Gordon  from  the  original  study,  in 
which  the  head  alone  is  finished,  and  which  the  artist  always  retained, 
now  in  the  Scottish  Portrait  Gallery.  Of  the  pictures  founded  on 
that  study  the  one  painted  for  Mr.  Cadell  (now  in  I^ady  Foulis's 
possession)  is  best  known,  although  a  cabinet  full-length  showing 
Scott  at  work  is  also  popular.  Some  ten  years  earlier  the  future 
President  of  the  U.S.A.,  [then  plain  John  Watson,  had  painted  an 


From  a  photo  by  John  Patrick,  EtUnburgJi 

THE  SCOTT  MONUMENT  AT  EDINBURGH,  WITH  A  VIEW 
OF  THE  CASTLE  IN  THE  BACKGROUND 


SIR   AVALTER   SCOTT  39 

excellent  seated  half-length  for  Lady  Abercorn,  which,  a  few  years 
ago,  was  secured  at  Christie's  for  a  long  price  by  Sir  William  Agnew. 
Like  many  of  the  other  portraits,  it  includes  a  dog.  The  Edinburgh 
Gallery  also  contains  Sir  Francis  Grant's  small  full-length,  painted 
at  Abbotsford  while  Scott  was  dictating  "  Count  Robert  of  Paris  " 
to  Willie  Laidlaw ;  and  a  most  interesting  little  drawing  by  Crombie 
(1831),  in  which  Sir  Walter's  appearance,  as  he  limped  about  the 
Edinburgh  streets,  is  very  happily  caught.  A  similar  note  is  struck 
in  an  excellent  small  full-length  that  Sir  William  Allan  did  for 
Mr.  Blackwood  some  years  before;  and  to  Allan,  whom  Scott 
befriended,  and  set  upon  lines  which  give  him  an  important  place 
in  the  history  of  Scottish  painting,  we  are  also  indebted  for  the  last 
portrait  from  life.  A  cabinet-sized  canvas  representing  him  reading 
a  proclamation  of  Queen  JVIary's,  it  was  shown  in  the  Royal 
Academy  of  1832  a  few  months  before  Scott  returned  from  Italy 
to  die  within  sound  of  his  beloved  Tweed. 

Hanging  in  the  National  Portrait  Gallery  beside  Allan's  picture 
is  a  very  attractive  and  vital  oil  sketch  by  I^andseer,  painted  a  year 
or  two  after  Scott's  death,  but  founded  on  close  intimacy  and 
sketches  from  life.  And  with  mention  of  this  and  of  the  curiously 
fascinating  Death  Mask,  which  lies  in  a  little  room  off  the  study  in 
Abbotsford,  this  brief  summary  of  the  principal  portraits  of  Sir 
Walter  Scott  must  close. 

James  L.  CxVW. 


BIOGRAPHICAL     NOTE 

Sir  Walter  Scott  Sir  Walter  Scott  was  born  on  August  loth,  1771;,  being-  tlie  ninth  chihl  of 

see  frontispiece  Walter  Scott,  Writer  to  the  Signet,  who  married  Anne  Rutherford  in  April, 

1758.      "  My  birth  was  neither  distinguished  nor  sordid,"  wrote  tlie  author  in 

his  Autobiography,  with  reference  to  his  own  descent.      '''  According  to  the 

prejudices  of  my  country,  it  was  esteemed  gentle,  as  I  was  connected,  though 

remotely,  with  ancient  families  both  by  my  father's  and  mother's  side.     My 

Sir  Walter  Scott's       father's    grandfather  was  Walter   Scott,  well   known  in  Teviotdale  by  the 

great-grand-  surname  of  ^Beardie.'     He  was  the  second  son  of  AValter  Scott,  first  Laird 

father,  "Beardie"       of  Raeburn,  who  was  third  son  of  Sir  \Vllliam  Scott,  and  the  grandson  of 

seepages  Walter  Scott,  commonly  called  in  tradition    "^ Auld  AV'at,'  of  Harden.   .   .   . 


40 


BIOGRAPHICAL     NOTE 


Sir  Walter  Scott'i 
father 

see  page  6 


Sir  Walter  Scott'i 
mother 

see  page  3 


College  Wynd, 
Edinburgh,  the 
birthplace  of  Sir 
Walter  Scott. 

see  page  4 

No.  25,  George 

Square, 

Edinburgh 

see  page  8 

Sandyknowe 
Tower 

see  page  9 


Waverley  Lodge 
Kelso 

see  page  10 


The  Grammar 
School,  Kelso 

see  pa^e  10 


^Beardie,'  my  great-graiidfatlier  aforesaid,  derived  his  cognomen  from  a 
venerable  beard,  which  he  wore  unblemished  by  razor  or  scissors,  in  token 
of  his  regret  for  the  banished  dynasty  of  Stewart.  It  would  have  been  well 
that  his  zeal  had  stopped  there.  But  he  took  arms,  and  intrigued  in  their 
cause,  until  he  lost  all  he  had  in  the  world,  and,  as  I  have  heard,  ran  a 
narrow  risk  of  being  hanged,  had  it  not  been  for  the  interference  of  Ann, 
Duchess  of  Buccleuch  and  Monmouth." 

Of  "Beardie's"  three  sons,  Robert,  the  second,  quarrelled  with  his  father, 
turned  ^Vhig,  and  set  up  as  a  farmer  at  Sandyknowe,  where  he  reared  a 
large  family,  the  author  being  descended  from  the  eldest  son,  who  was  born 
in  1729.--  '^'^  His  person  and  face  were  uncommonly  handsome,  with  an 
expression  of  sweetness  of  temper  which  was  not  fallacious,"  continued 
Sir  A\'alter  in  his  Autobiography.  "My  father  was  a  singular  instance  of 
a  man  rising  to  eminence  in  a  profession  for  which .  nature  had  in  some 
degree  unfitted  him.  ...  In  the  actual  business  of  the  profession  which 
he  embraced,  in  that  sharp  and  intuitive  perception  which  is  necessary  in 
driving  bargains  for  himself  and  others,  in  availing  himself  of  the  wants, 
necessities,  caprices  and  follies  of  some,  and  guarding  against  the  knavery 
and  malice  of  others.  Uncle  Toby  himself  could  not  have  conducted  himself 
with  more  simplicity  than  my  father." 

Scott's  mother  was  the  sole  surviving  child,  by  his  first  wife,  of  John 
Rutherford,  Professor  of  Medicine  in  the  University  of  Edinburgh.  She  was 
short  of  stature  and  "by  no  means  comely."  According  to  her  son,  she 
joined  to  a  light  and  happy  temper  of  mind  a  strong  turn  to  study  poetry  and 
works  of  imagination.  She  was  sincerely  devout,  but  her  religion  was  of  a 
cast  less  austere  than  his  father's.  The  house  in  which  Scott  was  born, 
and  which  was  later  demolished,  was  situated  at  the  head  of  the  north  side 
of  the  College  Wynd,  Edinburgh,  opposite  the  gateway  of  the  University. 
The  building  was  plain  of  aspect  and  consisted  of  four  stories,  of  which  the 
upper  floors  were  the  abode  of  the  Scott  family.  Soon  after  the  author's 
birth,  his  father  removed  to  a  new  house  at  No.  2o,  George  Square,  and 
this  continued  to  be  Sir  AValter's  "most  established  place  of  residence  "  until 
his  marriage  in  1797- 

In  the  summer  of  1773,  at  the  commencement  of  his  third  year,  Scott  was 
sent  to  Sandyknowe,  his  grandfather's  farm  at  Smailholm.  Above  the  house 
was  a  small  loch,  and  on  the  summit  of  the  overhanging  crags  stood  the 
ruined  tower  of  Sandyknowe,  which  has  fittingly  been  called  "the  out- 
standing sentinel  of  all  the  lower  valley  of  the  Tweed."  On  the  death  of 
his  grandfather,  the  home  at  Sandyknowe  was  broken  up,  and  his  aunt 
removed  to  Kelso.  "  My  health  had  become  rather  delicate  from  rapid 
growth,"  he  wrote,  "and  my  father  was  easily  persuaded  to  allow  me  to 
spend  half  a  year  at  Kelso  with  my  kind  aunt.  Miss  Janet  Scott,  whose 
inmate  I  became.  At  this  time  she  resided  in  a  small  house,  situated  very 
pleasantly  in  a  large  garden,  to  the  eastward  of  the  churchyard  of  Kelso, 
which  extended  down  to  the  Tweed.  It  was  then  my  father's  property,  from 
whom  it  was  afterwards  purchased  by  my  uncle." 

The  rudiments  of  education  were  imparted  to  Scott  at  the  Old  Grammar 
School  at  Kelso,  which  he  attended  during  his  vacation  from  the  Edinburgh 
High  School  in  1783,  and  where  he  also  acted  as  a  kind  of  pupil-teacher. 


BIOGRAPHICAL     NOTE 


41 


Lady  Scott 
(Charlotte 
Margaret 
Carpenter) 

see  page  7 


Lasswade 
Cottage 

see  page  12 


Sir  Walter  Scott 
at  Hermitage 
Castle 

see  page  11 


Old  Sheriff  Court 
House,  Selkirk 

see  page  13 

No.  39,  Castle 

Street, 

Edinburgh 

see  page  13 


Ashestiel 

see  page  14 


the  master  at  that  time  being  Mr.  Lancelot  A\^hale,  "  an  excellent  classical 
scholar,  a  humorist,  and  a  worthy  man,"  with  a  supreme  antipathy  to  the 
puns  which  his  uncommon  name  frequently  gave  rise  to. 

In  November,  1783,  Scott  began  to  attend  classes  at  Edinburgh  College, 
but  a  severe  illness  interrupted  his  studies  and  he  returned  again  to  Kelso. 
In  1786  he  was  apprenticed  to  his  father  as  A\>iter  to  the  Signet ;  but  two 
years  later  commenced  studying  for  the  Bar,  to  which  he  was  called  on 
July  11th,  1792. 

On  December  24th,  1797,  Scott  married  Miss  Charlotte  Margaret 
Carpenter,  the  daughter  of  a  French  refugee.  "  Without  the  features  of 
a  regular  beauty,"  wrote  Lockhart,  describing  Miss  Carpenter,  "  she  was  rich 
in  personal  attractions ;  ^  a  form  that  was  fashioned  as  light  as  a  fay's '  ;  a 
complexion  of  the  clearest  and  lightest  olive ;  eyes  large,  deep-set,  and 
dazzling,  of  the  finest  Italian  brown  ;  and  a  profusion  of  silken  tresses, 
black  as  the  raven's  wing ;  her  address  hovering  between  the  reserve  of  a 
pretty  young  Englishwoman  who  has  not  mingled  largely  in  general  society, 
and  a  certain  natural  archness  and  gaiety  that  suited  well  with  the  accom- 
paniment of  a  French  accent." 

The  marriage  took  place  at  Carlisle,  and  the  newly- wedded  pair  lived 
first  at  Xo.  108,  George  Street,  Edinburgh,  whence  they  removed  to  South 
Castle  Street.  The  summers,  however,  during  the  early  years  of  married  life 
were  spent  at  Lasswade  Cottage,  situated  on  the  Esk,  about  six  miles  from 
Edinburgh.  It  was  a  small  house,  with  but  one  room  of  large  dimensions 
and  a  good-sized  garden,  commanding  a  beautiful  view,  in  which  Scott  himself 
took  great  delight  in  training  the  plants  and  creepers. 

Before  settling  at  Lasswade  it  had  been  Sir  Walter's  custom  to  make  a 
^'^  yearly  raid "  into  Liddesdale  each  autumn  at  the  rising  of  the  Courts, 
chiefly  with  a  view  to  exploring  the  grim  and  inaccessible  region  in  the 
neighbourhood  of — 

Hermitage  in  Liddesdale, 
Its  dungeons  and  its  towers. 

This  awesome  fortress  is  much  associated  with  Scott.  Here  it  was  that  the 
Douglas  ring  he  wore  was  found,  and  here,  too,  he  was  represented  by 
Raeburn,  in  the  first  portrait  painted  by  that  artist  in  1808,  at  full  length, 
sitting  by  a  ruined  wall,  with  Camp  at  his  feet  and  the  mountains  of  Liddes 
dale  in  the  background. 

In  1799  Scott  was  appointed  Sheriff"-depute  of  Selkirkshire,  having  the 
support  of  the  Duke  of  Buccleuch  in  applying  for  the  office.  His  duties 
were  light  and  the  salary  was  £'300  per  annum,  while  the  title  of  "  Shirra  " 
invested  him  with  great  importance  in  the  eyes  of  the  neighbourhood. 
Scott  was  now  living  at  Xo.  39,  Castle  Street,  Edinburgh  ;  and,  the  business 
of  the  Court  being  over,  would  depart  for  his  "city  home,"  which  Coleridge 
described  as  "divinely  situated,"  for  it  looked  up  the  street  "full  upon  the 
rock  and  castle."  The  room  in  which  Sir  Walter  worked  was  behind  the 
dining-room,  and  here  he  finished  "\Vaverley"  and  "Guy  Mannering," 
besides  writing  "Peveril  of  the  Peak,"  "Quentin  Durward,"  and  "St. 
Ronan's  Well." 

Scott  gave  up  Lasswade  Cottage  in  1804,  and  removed  to  Ashestiel,  where 
he  wrote  "The  Lay  of  the  Last  Minstrel,"  "Marmion,"  and  "The  Lady  of 


42 


BIOGRAPHICAL     NOTE 


Loch  Katrine 

see  page  i8 


Abbotsford  and 
the  EUdon  Hills 

see  page  17 


Melrose  Abbey 

see  page  18 


the  Lake."  Ashestiel  was  originally  an  old  Border  tower^  part  of  which 
was  enclosed  in  the  residence.  The  west  wing  was  added  hy  Mrs.  Russell^ 
Scott's  aunt,  making  it  an  odd-looking,  three-cornered  building.  ITie 
house  was  protected  on  the  north  by  the  Tweed,  and  on  the  east  by  a 
deep  ravine  clothed  with  trees,  through  which  runs  the  little  brook  referred 
to  in  the  opening  lines  of  "  Marmion  "  : — 

Low  in  its  dark  and  narrow  glen, 

You  scarce  the  rivulet  might  ken, 

So  thick  the  tangled  greenwood  grew, 

So  feeble  trill'd  the  streamlet  through ; 

Now,  murmuring  hoarse,  and  frequent  seen 

Through  bush  and  brier,  no  longer  green. 

An  angry  brook  it  sweeps  the  glade. 

During  1806-7  Scott  was  working  upon  "Dryden,"  and  was  at  this 
time  appointed  Secretary  to  the  Parliamentary  Commission  upon  Scottish 
Jurisprudence.  "Marmion"  was  published  on  February  2.3rd,  1808,  to  be 
followed  in  1810  by  "The  Lady  of  the  Lake,"  which  equalled  the  success 
of  its  predecessors,  resulting  in  a  rush  of  visitors  to  Loch  Katrine. 

The  summer  dawn's  reflected  hue 

To  purple  changed  Loch  Katrine  blue ; 

Mildly  and  soft  the  western  breeze 

Just  kissed  the  lake,  just  stirred  the  trees. 

And  the  pleased  lake,  like  maiden  coy. 

Trembled,  but  dimpled  not  for  joy ; 

The  mountain  shadows  on  her  breast 

Were  neither  broken  nor  at  rest; 

In  bright  uncertainty  they  lie. 

Like  future  joys  to  Fancy's  eye. 

His  lease  of  Ashestiel  running  out,  Scott  resolved  to  buy  a  place  of  his 
own.  He  fixed  finally  upon  an  estate  five  miles  farther  down  the  Tweed, 
consisting  of  a  meadow,  one  hundred  acres  of  rough  land,  and  a  small 
farmhouse,  for  which  he  paid  £4,000,  and  to  which  he  gave  the  name  of 
Abbotsford.  An  additional  attraction,  in  his  eyes,  to  this  neighbourhood 
was  the  proximity  of  Melrose  Abbey,  to  which  the  lands  had  previously 
belonged,  and  of  which  the  author  gives  a  charming  picture  in  "The  Lay 
of  the  Last  Minstrel "  : — 

If  thou  wouldst  view  fair  Melrose  aright 
Go  visit  it  by  the  pale  moonlight ; 
For  the  gay  beams  of  lightsome  day 
Gild,  but  to  flout,  the  ruins  gray. 
When  the  broken  arches  are  black  in  night. 
And  each  shafted  oriel  glimmers  white; 
When  the  cold  light's  uncertain  shower 
Streams  on  the  ruined  central  tower : 


Rhjrmer's  Glen 

see  page  20 


Then  go — but  go  alone  the  while  — 
Then  view  St.   David's  ruined  pile ; 
And,  home  returning,  soothly  swear, 
Was  never  scene  so  sad  and  fair. 

Abbotsford  may  be  called  the  centre  of  Sir  l^alter  Scott's  Country. 
Originally  it  was  a  small  farm  named  Cartleyhole.  But  tlu>  f'aiiii  was 
gradually  converted  into  an  estate  by  the  acquisition  of  adjoining  lands,  for 
which  the  author  paid  large  sums.  He  concluded  the  purchase  of  Toftfield 
for  £'10,000,  altering  its  name  to  Huntly  Burn,  from  the  mountain  brook 
which  ran  through  the  grounds.     This  burn  found  its  way  from  the  Cauld- 


BIOGRAPHICAL     XOTE 


43 


Finding  the  MS. 
of  '•  Waverley" 

see  page  21 


John  Gibson 
Lockhaxt 

see  page  25 


A  portrait  of 
Mrs  J.  G. 
Lockhart 

see  page  27 


Chiefswood 
Cottage 

see  page  26 


Abbotsford  from 
the  south-west. 

see  page  30 


shiels  Loch  through  the  Rhymer's  (Jleii,  which  had  heeii  previously  acquired. 
Scott  was  thus  made  master  (as  he  believed)  of  all  the  haunts  of  Thomas 
the  Rhymer  and  the  scene  of  his  interview  with  the  Queen  of  the  Fairies. 

On  July  1st,  1814,  Scott's  edition  of  Swift,  in  nineteen  volumes,  was 
published,  to  be  followed  a  fortnight  later  by  the  appearance  of  ''  Waverley." 
'ITiis  novel  had  been  commenced  shortly  after  the  author  had  settled  at 
Ashestiel.  But  after  writing  about  one-third  of  the  first  volume,  he  cast 
the  work  aside,  mainly  on  the  advice  of  his  friend  \V'illiam  Erskine 
(afterwards  Lord  Kinnedder).  For  many  years  the  manuscript  remained 
untouched,  and  it  was  not  until  the  summer  of  1813  that  the  missing  sheets 
were  discovered  by  sheer  accident  in  the  lumber-room  at  Abbotsford  ;  and 
the  remaining  volumes  were  then  completed  for  publication  in  an  incredibly 
short  space  of  time. 

Sir  AV'alter  first  made  the  acquaintance  of  John  Gibson  Lockhart,  his 
future  son-in-law  and  biographer,  in  May,  1818.  Lockhart  was  a  man 
endowed  with  personal  charm  of  a  high  order,  having  inherited  the  fine 
Italian  features  and  dark  eyes  of  his  mother,  a  woman  of  extraordinary 
beauty.  The  turning  point  in  his  career  had  been  the  publication  of  an 
article  on  "  Heraldry,"  written  at  an  early  age,  through  which  he  was 
brought  to  the  notice  of  Blackwood.  He  married  Scott's  eldest  daughter, 
Sophia,  on  April  29th,  1820.  Mrs.  Lockhart  died  in  May,  1837,  and  the 
following,  taken  from  Stanzas  on  her  Funeral  by  the  Rev.  Henry  Hart 
Milman,  gives  some  slight  insight  into  the  beauty  of  her  character  ; 

Meet  emblem  of  that  lightsome  spirit  thou  ! 
That  still,  wherever  it  might  come, 
Shed  sunshine  o'er  that  happy  home. 
Her  task  of  kindliness  and  gladness  now- 
Absolved  with  the  element  above 
Hath  mingled  and  become  pure  light,  pure  joy,  pure  love. 

In  the  early  years  of  their  married  life  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Lockhart  lived  at 
Chiefswood  Cottage,  in  the  vicinity  of  Melrose.  This  residence,  originally 
called  Burnfoot,  had  been  purchased  by  Scott  for  the  purpose  of  finally 
rounding  oif  the  Abbotsford  estates.  Sir  Walter  was  a  constant  visitf)r  at 
Chiefswood  at  such  times  as  he  found  it  possible  to  escape  from  the 
"nauseous  stir"  at  Abbotsford,  and  he  penned  a  large  portion  of  "The 
Pirate"  at  the  cottage,  where  Lockhart's  own  novels  were  also  written.  It 
was  here  that  the  latter  received  the  offer  tendered  him  by  Disraeli  of 
a  post  on  the  Repre-seiitative,  a  London  daily,  which,  however,  he  declined, 
accepting  instead  the  editorship  of  the  (^iiarfer/i/  Review. 

Of  Abbotsford,  as  it  stood  completed  in  1824,  a  very  full  description  is 
given  in  Lockhart's  "Life": 

"On  all  sides,  except  towards  the  river,  the  house  connects  it«elf  with 
the  gardens.  It  is  eminently  imposing  in  its  general  effect  ;  and  in  most  of 
its  details,  not  only  full  of  historical  interest,  but  of  beauty  also.  It  is  no 
doubt  a  thing  of  shreds  and  patches,  but  they  have  been  combined  by  a 
masterly  hand.  .  .  .  The  house  is  more  than  one  hundred  and  fifty  feet  long 
in  front,  was  built  at  two  different  onsets  ;  has  a  tall  tower  at  either  end,  the 
one  not  least  like  the  other  ;  presents  sundry  crowfooted,  nUaa  zigzagged, 
gables  to  the  eye  ;  a  myriad  of  indentations  and  parapets,  and  machicolated 
eaves  ;    most  fantastic   waterspouts  ;    labelled  windows,   not  a  few  of  them 


44 


BIOGRAPHICAL     NOTE 


The  Entrance 
Hall  at 
Abbotsford 

see  page  30 


The  Library  at 
Abbotsford 


see  ^aje  33 


Tbe  Study  at 
Abbotsford 

seepage  2>3 


The  Old  Tolbooth 
Door  at  Abbots- 
ford 

see  page  32 


Sir  Walter  Scott's 
Tomb  in 
Dryburgh  Abbey 

see  page  36 


Dryburgh  Abbey 

see  i>age  36 

The  Scott  Monu- 
ment at 
Edinburgh 


seepage  , 


painted  glass  ;  groups  of  right  Elizabethan  chimneys  ;  balconies  of  divers 
fashions,  greater  and  less  ;  and  a  very  noble  projecting  gateway. 

"  The  hall  is  about  forty  feet  long  by  twenty  in  height  and  breadth.  The 
walls  are  of  richly  carved  oak,  most  part  of  it  exceedingly  dark,  and  brought, 
it  seems,  from  the  old  Abbey  of  Dunfermline  ;  the  roof,  a  series  of  pointed 
arches  of  the  same,  each  beam  presenting  in  the  centre  a  shield  of  arms 
richly  blazoned.  .  .  .  The  floor  of  this  hall  is  black  and  white  marble,  from 
the  Hebrides,  wrought  lozenge-wise  ;  and  the  upper  walls  are  completely 
hung  with  arms  and  armour. 

"  The  library  is  an  oblong  of  some  fifty  feet  by  thirty,  with  a  projection 
in  the  centre,  opposite  the  fireplace,  terminating  in  a  grand  bow-window, 
fitted  up  with  books.  The  roof  is  of  carved  oak  again — a  very  rich  pattern 
chiefly  a  la  Roslin.  The  collection  amounts  in  this  room  to  some  fifteen  or 
twenty  thousand  volumes.  The  only  picture  is  Sir  Walter's  eldest  son,  in 
hussar  uniform,  and  holding  his  horse — by  Allan,  of  Edinburgh — a  noble 
portrait,  over  the  fireplace. 

"This  room  (the  mndum  of  the  author),  which  seems  to  be  a  crib  of 
about  twenty  feet,  contains,  of  what  is  properly  called  furniture,  nothing  but 
a  small  writing-table  in  the  centre,  a  plain  arm-chair  covered  with  black 
leather,  and  a  single  chair  besides  ;  plain  symptoms  that  this  is  no  place  for 
company.  On  either  side  of  the  fireplace  there  are  shelves  filled  with  books 
of  reference,  chiefly,  of  course,  folios  ;  but,  except  these,  there  are  no  books 
save  the  contents  of  a  light  gallery  which  runs  round  three  sides  of  the  room, 
and  is  reached  by  a  hanging  stair  of  carved  oak  in  one  corner.  There  are 
only  two  portraits — an  original  of  the  beautiful  and  melancholy  head  of 
Claverhouse  (Bonny  Dundee),  and  a  small  full-length  of  Rob  Roy." 

The  Old  Tolbooth  door  was  taken  from  the  "Bastille  of  Edinburgh,"  and 
inserted  in  the  wall  abutting  on  the  entrance  porch  at  Abbotsford.  Whilst 
Scott  was  busy  with  his  plans  of  building,  he  wrote  to  Mr.  Terry  with  regard 
to  it : 

"  I  expect  to  get  some  decorations  from  the  old  Tolbooth  of  Edinburgh, 
particularly  the  copestones  of  the  doorway,  or  lintels,  as  we  call  them,  and  a 
niche  or  two — one  very  handsome  indeed  !  Better  get  a  niche. /row  the  Tolbooth 
than  in  it,  to  which  such  building  operations  are  apt  to  bring  the  projectors." 

Sir  Walter  Scott  died  at  Abbotsford  on  September  21st,  18«32,  and  on  the 
evening  of  Wednesday,  the  26th,  his  remains  were  laid  beside  those  of  his 
wife  in  the  sepulchre  of  his  ancestors  at  Dryburgh  Abbey.  This  Abbey  dates 
from  the  middle  of  the  twelfth  century.  It  would  have  descended  to  Sir 
Walter  by  inheritance  had  not  one  of  his  ancestors  been  obliged  to  part  with 
it  owing  to  falling  into  bankruptcy.  "The  ancient  patrimony,"  wrote 
Scott,  "  was  sold  for  a  trifle,  and  my  father,  who  might  have  purchased  it 
with  ease,  was  dissuaded  by  my  grandfather  from  doing  so,  and  thus  we  have 
nothing  left  of  Dryburgh  but  the  right  of  stretching  our  bones  there." 

The  foundation-stone  of  the  monument  raised  to  Sir  Walter  Scott  at 
Edinburgh  was  laid  on  August  1.5th,  1840.  The  monument  was  completed 
at  a  cost  of  £15,050,  and  its  inauguration  was  celebrated  on  the  same  day 
six  years  later. 


The  Scott  Country 


By  W.   S.   CROCKETT 


The  Memorial  to  David  Ritchie,  the  original  of 
"The  Black  Dwarf,"  in  Manor  Kirkyard. 


Some   Press   Opinions  of  the   Book. 

"A  work  which  no  lover  of  Scott  and  the  Scott  country  can  afford  to  miss.  It  is 
the  best  Scott  book  of  recent  years." — The  Scots  Pictorial. 

"  It  is  pleasant  to  go  with  so  cultivated  and  enthusiastic  a  guide  on  a  sentimental 
pilgrimage  through  the  Scott  country."  — 77z^  Speaker. 

"Visitors  to  the  Scott  country  will  find  in  this  volume  the  very  kind  of  guide-book 
they  want." — Daily  News. 

"  Mr.  Crockett  has  done  his  work  with  a  loving  care  and  a  thoroughness  that  are  truly 
admirable,  and  his  book  will  be  warmly  welcomed  as  a  most  useful  addition  to  the 
existing  mass  of  Scott  literature." — Nottingham  Guardian. 

"The  tourist  could  wish  for  no  more  charming  memorial." — Glasgow  Herald. 

"Will  doubtless  for  many  a  day  be  the  standard  work  on  the  Border." — Aberdeen 
Free  Press. 

Published  by  A.  ^  C.  BLACK,  Soho  Square,  London,  W. 


THE    WAVERLEY    NOVELS 


^er^'k 


The    Authentic    Editions    of    Scott 
are     Published     Solely    by    A.    6     C.     BlacR, 

who  purchased,  along:  with  the  copyright,  the  interleaved  set  of  the 
Waverley  Novels  in  which  Sir  Walter  Scott  noted  corrections  and  improve= 
ments  almost  up  to  the  day  of  his  death.  All  the  recent  editions  published 
by  A.  &  C.  Black  have  been  collated  word  for  word  with  this  set,  and 
many  inaccuracies,  some  of  them  ludicrous,  corrected. 


THE   DRYBURGH    EDITION. 

In  25  Volumes,  large  crown  8vo,  each  con- 
taining a  Photogravure  Frontispiece  and 
8  page  Woodcuts,  bound  in  buckram. 

PRICES. -Sets  ...    iE4    7    6 

Volumes        0    3    6 
THE  STANDARD    EDITION. 

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canvas,  gilt  top,  containing  Photogravure 
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THE   ROXBURGHE   EDITION. 

In  48  Vols.,  fcap.  Svo,  cloth.   Illustrated 
by  about    1,600  Woodcuts  and  96    Steel 
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In  25  Volumes,  crown  Svo,  bound  in  cloth, 
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In  25  volumes,  demy   Svo,   double   cols., 

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Scott's  Poetical   Works,   Tales  of  a  Grandfather,  and   Life  by  Lockhart,  are  to  be 
had  uniform  with  most  of  above  in  style,  price,  and  binding. 

An  Illustrated  Catalogue  of  Scott*s  Works  post  free  on  application. 

Published  by  A.  &  C.  BLACK,  Soho  Square,  London,  W. 


14  DAY  USE 

RETURN  TO  DESK  FROM  WHICH  BORROWED 

LOAN  DEPT. 

This  book  is  due  on  the  last  date  stamped  below,  or 

on  the  date  to  which  renewed. 

Renewed  books  aie  subject  to  immediate  recall. 


IJ*/ 


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LD  21A-50m-8,'61 
(Cl795sl0)476B 


DlI--  2  8  1977 


^"t-Ji'i  ^- 


General  Library 

University  of  California 

Berkeley 


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